A justified absence is one recognised by law that the company cannot deduct from pay or annual leave. To be accepted, it must be communicated within the correct timeframe and accompanied by the appropriate documents. The most common: illness, accident, bereavement, marriage, family assistance, medical appointment.

The difference between justified and unjustified absences

A justified absence: the company cannot deduct pay or annual leave days; it appears as a justified absence in records. An unjustified absence: the day is not paid; may count as a disciplinary infraction if repeated.

Main justified absences and their deadlines

• Illness: inform the employer as soon as possible (same day or next day at the latest); submit the sick note (CIT) as soon as available.
• Death of family member (immediate family): up to 5 consecutive days.
• Marriage: up to 15 consecutive days.
• Medical appointment (own or dependent child under 12): must be communicated in advance where possible.
• Family assistance (child illness): up to 30 days per year per child under 12, or longer for a child with disability or chronic illness.
• Court appearance or legal obligation: for the duration of the obligation, with supporting document.

How to justify an absence: step by step

• Notify the employer as soon as possible, ideally before the start of the working day.
• Get the appropriate document (medical certificate, court summons, death certificate, etc.).
• Submit the document within the period specified in the collective agreement or, if none, within 5 working days.

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.